moralant confant Conflicting Values in Sophocles Antigone :: Antigone essays

Conflicting Values in Antigone In the play Antigone by Sophocles, Creon and Antigone have distinct and conflicting values. Creons regard for the laws of the city causes him to empty all separate beliefs. He feels that all should obey the laws set forth by him, even if other beliefs, moral or religious, state otherwise. Antigone, on the other hand, holds the beliefs of the gods in high reverence. She feels that the laws of the gods should be obeyed above all others, especially when in respect to family. Creon has a very strong opinion about the laws of the city and the laws passed by him. His method of enforcing them is very strict. Creon orders that Polyneices will not be buried because of his dishonor towards Thebes. Furthermore, if anyone is caught burying him they will be killed for disobeying his order. Polonieces is Antigones brother. He is being punished because he attacked Thebes and betrayed Creon and the sight of Thebes. Creons harsh punishment on those who disobey the law makes many fear him and dare not to go against him. One example is Ismenes regard for Creons laws. She tries to talk her child out of burying her brother because of what could happen to her if Creon found out that she went against him. Ismene says We must obey them.....I yield to those who have authority(5). Not only do the good deal of Thebes obey the laws of the city because of their fear but because it is a shame to dishonor the pouf. To go against the kings claim and dishonor the law is to die a more black-market death then Antigones mother and father(59-60). Antigone does not want to let her brother be left without a proper burial. Her belief is to show respect and bask towards her brother she must bury him. Her beliefs in The sacred laws that Heaven holds in honor are far more important than those set by the king(Antigone 78). She feels that the king cannot override her belief in the gods. Antigone feels very strongly about burying her brother against Creons ord ers. She refused to back down from her opinion even when confronted by the king and sentenced to death. Antigone ratiocination is It was not Zeus who published this decree, Nor have the powers who rule among the dead Imposed such laws as this upon mankind Nor could I think that a decree of yours- A man-could override the laws of Heaven Unwritten and unchanged(450-455).

Sexual Selection: Fact or Fiction Essay -- Biology Essays Research Pap

Sexual Selection Fact or FictionDarwins theory of sexual plectron is an intriguing one because it offers an explanation of human striving and cultural value systems. The theory is that humans who are more sexually desirable will declare more offspring and thus their traits will be passed on to future generations to a greater extent than those of less sexually desirable humans. As opposed to Darwins other theory, natural selection, those who are the best adapted to their environment will be more likely to pass on their genes, or, survival of the fittest, you might surround sexual selection survival of the sexiest. The theory is intended to in part explain why, when humans diverged from other primates, the human brain tripled in size in just two million years. At first glance, this theory also seems to explain much of the motivation behind human culture and achievement. Upon closer inspection, at that place are some fairly conspicuous problems with it, especially when it is exten ded to describe non only human maturation in the distant past only it the present, but it may still be the most plausible explanation available to explain why humans mental capacities have expanded so far beyond those of our primate relatives. It makes complete sense that we would be biologically driven to prove our sexiness. At the most basic level, this could explain the plenitude and popularity of form magazines for young women and the emphasis on being good at sports in school for both genders. Beyond this, it could also explain why men and women are driven to succeed at their various careers, or to be perceived to be successful, smart, witty, fun-loving, good-looking, responsible, or any of a number of things that human aspire to be which are also s... ...corded history. Even if this theory was once true, it does not appear to hold true anymore, because those who we consider the most successful and desirable are not producing the greatest number of offspring, and so, the t raits that are being selected for future generations may be entirely different. Ironically, we may be spending our lives trying to prove we have traits which evolution is actually selecting against. References1) Creativity, Evolution and Mental Illnesses http//jom-emit.cfpm.org/1997/vol1/preti_a&miotto_p.html2) Evolution, Creativity, and ADDhttp//borntoexplore.org/evolve.htm3) Sexual Selection and the Mind A Talk with Geoffrey Miller http//www.edge.org/3rd_culture/miller/miller_p2.html4) The Mating Mind How Sexual superior Shaped the Evolution of Human Nature http//www.cogsci.ecs.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?12.008

The Style in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown :: Young Goodman Brown YGB

The Style in Young Goodman Brown Nathaniel Hawthornes short story or tale, Young Goodman Brown, is an interesting example of the multi-faceted name of the author, which will be discussed in this essay. Edgar Allan Poe in Twice-Told Tales - A Review, which appeared in Grahams Magazine in May, 1842, comments on Hawthornes originality, and tranquil and subdued manner which characterize his carriage The Essays of Hawthorne have much of the character of Irving, with more of originality, and less of finish while, compared with the Spectator, they have a vast superiority at all points. The Spectator, Mr. Irving, and Mr. Hawthorne have in leafy vegetable that tranquil and subdued manner which we have chosen to denominate repose. . . . In the essays before us the absence of effort is too obvious to be mistaken, and a strong undercurrent of suggestion runs continuously beneath the upper stream of the tranquil thesis. In short, these effusions of Mr. Hawthorne are the product of a truly imaginative intellect, restrained, and in rough measure repressed, by fastidiousness of taste, by constitutional melancholy and by indolence. Peter Conn in Finding a Voice in an new-made Nation discloses a characteristic of Hawthornes tyle with regard to his short stories Almost all of Hawthornes finest stories are remote in time or set out (82). Nathaniel Hawthornes tale Young Goodman Brown is no exception to this rule, being placed in historic Salem, Massachusetts, back in the 1600s. Herman Melville in Hawthorne and His Mosses, (in The Literary reality August 17, 24, 1850) has a noteworthy comment on Hawthornes style Nathaniel Hawthorne is a man, as yet, almost utterly mistaken among men. Here and there, in some quiet arm-chair in the noisy town, or some deep nook among the noiseless mountains, he may be appreciated for something of what he is. But opposed Shakespeare, who was forced to the contrary course by circumstances, Hawthorne (either from simple disinclination, o r else from inaptitude) refrains from all the popularizing noise and show of broad farce, and blood-besmeared tragedy content with the still, rich utterances of a massive intellect in repose, and which sends few thoughts into circulation, except they be arterialized at his large warm lungs, and expanded in his honest heart. How beautifully does this critic capture the primary attitude of Hawthorne, who avoids the noise and show and emphasizes his rich utterances.

The Seven Sacraments of Catholics Essay -- Catholicism Religion Christ

The Seven Sacraments of CatholicsCatholics go through a cycle of events in their spiritual lives known as the seven sacraments. Although on the whole Catholics can not partake in each sacrament, the majority receive the Holy Eucharist and are baptized as children. The sacraments are the rites of passage in the Catholic faith. Some of the sacraments require proper preparation and knowledge of the ones faith. The seven sacraments include Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Marriage, Anointing of the Sick, and the Holy Orders. religious belief ties the people of God together. We are united through our belief in faith. I see the sacraments as the acceptance of faith in God and of our faith. With all the diversity that exists among Gods people, faith in God and To Chrisitan, rescuer Christ is the being that connects us all as one. He played many a(prenominal) roles when he was on this earth and is the incarnation of God. In essence, He is God infleshed. While he was on the earth, some viewed him as a healer. I recollect that receiving reconciliation and the anointing of the sick would require an individual to accept Jesus as the ultimate healer. The Eucharist accepts that Jesus had the ability to turn bread and booze into himself for his people. Receiving the Eucharist is the acceptance of the Last Supper and the symbolic meaning along with it. Jesus Christ is referred to as the anointed. At baptism we are anointed with holy oil to welcome us into the Catholic faith. In confirmation we again, confirm and renew our faith and individually commit to the vows our godparents had spoken for us. Again we are anointed with holy oil, symbolizing the truth of Jesus Christ, the anointed one. The sacraments are a rite of passage among the Christian people. We are all tied to one faith and the sacraments are the links that we tie it all together. Sacraments sometimes required preparation. In preparation of a sacrament, we are taught the underlining faith of Jesus Christ. Through our sacramental practices, we accept and acknowledge the faith of Jesus and who he was. Sacraments generate people of the church together in celebration. These gatherings are common ties among people of faith and their acceptance of God and Jesus.What do catholics and fundamentalist believe about the volume comparison 2000-07-04Conversations about the differences and similarities between Fundamentalist and Catho... ...inisters. This can be very rare in other denominations. At the General conference not too long ago, the UM church apologized to the blacks for the discrimination they suffered. This is also a rare finding in a church The Methodist religion is different from many others. It seems that its design for humanity is for everyone to have their own individual relationship or bond with Christ, they prize this more than anything. Even though they are very non discriminating they bland have their own set of rules to go by, just as every church does . The Methodist religion is very interesting and somewhat different than what to the highest degree religions are. Bibliography 1. Academic American Encyclopedia. Groiler Incorporated. Danbury, Conneticut. Copyright 1996. 2. http//rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data1/dg/methodist/methchap.h tml.pages 1-4. September 28, 2000 3. http//showcase.netins.net/web/unsource/undoct.html. pages 1-9. September 28, 2000 4. Pamplet Whats So Great About Being A United Methodist? 5. The United Mehtodist Church on Normandy. 6. Youth Ministry Director at the UM church on Normandy. Personal Interview. 19 October 2000 7. The World parole Encyclopedia. Volume 13. World Book Copyright 2000

Julius Caesar :: English Literature Essays

Julius CaesarJulius Caesar was a big Dictator. He was rattling power hungry and wanted to be in charge of everything he did. He was assonated for being to power hungry he was thought of a threat to the senate in result assonated by the senate. Julius Caesars was a dictator throughout his political years.Julius Caesar was born on July13th 100BCE to Gaius and Auriliea. Julius Caesar has been involved in politics as early of 20 years old. . When Julius was little he lived in the worst time of the Roman. The city was attacked numerous of times. Government and religious positions when he was around 20 years Juliuss the ruler of Rome was Caius Marius. Marius Marring his stupefys sister related Julius to the ruler. Marius left Rome because he became unpopular. Juliuss father became praetor and later became Governor. As you can see from reading this split you can see that some people were involved in politic Julius Caesar was murdered on the ides of March also known as March fifteenth 44 unrivalled is that was witnessed by Julius Caesars biographer he was also present at the murder of Julius Caesars murder. The Senate very well planed the murder of Julius Caesar. They got Juliuss high hat friend Brutus. They had sixty people and Marcus Julius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, Decimus Brutus Albinus, and Gaius Trebonius stared charging at Julius with dagger at least stabbing him twenty- three times, when stabbing him they were standing on the base of the pompey statue. Every angiotensin converting enzyme stabbed him at least once. After killing Julius Caesar the senators fled. The senators killed him because he was trying to become king. As you can see Julius Caesar had an unexpected death.Julius Caesar was a big dictator and was very power hungry. Julius Caesar entered the political era part of his life through 77-59 BCE. Julius Caesar had numerous of political jobs such as General of Rome, Statesmen, Consol, and head of roman army. Julius Caesar was part of the tr iconsols that held one of his biggest enemies Pompey. He was elected Consol in 59 BCE the next year appointed govenor of Rome. Julius Caesars Dictator era started at 47 and ended 44. Julius Caesar had such a powerful army when defeating Pompeys army he fled to Egypt. Then he followed him to Egypt to meet him man to man but when he arrived the King of Egypt, Ptomeley the 13th, already killed him.

Julius Caesar :: English Literature Essays

Julius CaesarJulius Caesar was a big Dictator. He was very power hungry and wanted to be in charge of everything he did. He was assonated for being to power hungry he was thought of a threat to the senate in result assonated by the senate. Julius Caesars was a dictator passim his political years.Julius Caesar was born on July13th 100BCE to Gaius and Auriliea. Julius Caesar has been involved in politics as early of 20 years old. . When Julius was little he lived in the worst m of the Roman. The city was attacked numerous of times. Government and religious positions when he was around 20 years Juliuss the ruler of Rome was Caius Marius. Marius Marring his fathers sister link up Julius to the ruler. Marius left Rome because he became unpopular. Juliuss father became praetor and later became Governor. As you can see from reading this paragraph you can see that almost lot were involved in politic Julius Caesar was murdered on the ides of March also known as March 15th 44 one is that was witnessed by Julius Caesars biographer he was also present at the murder of Julius Caesars murder. The Senate very well planed the murder of Julius Caesar. They got Juliuss best friend Brutus. They had sixty people and Marcus Julius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, Decimus Brutus Albinus, and Gaius Trebonius stared charging at Julius with dagger at least stabbing him twenty- three times, when stabbing him they were standing on the base of the pompey statue. Every one stabbed him at least once. after killing Julius Caesar the senators fled. The senators killed him because he was trying to become king. As you can see Julius Caesar had an unexpected death.Julius Caesar was a big dictator and was very power hungry. Julius Caesar entered the political period part of his life through 77-59 BCE. Julius Caesar had numerous of political jobs such as General of Rome, Statesmen, Consol, and head of roman army. Julius Caesar was part of the triconsols that held one of his biggest enemies Po mpey. He was elected Consol in 59 BCE the next year appointed govenor of Rome. Julius Caesars Dictator era started at 47 and ended 44. Julius Caesar had such a powerful army when defeating Pompeys army he fled to Egypt. Then he followed him to Egypt to meet him man to man but when he arrived the King of Egypt, Ptomeley the 13th, already killed him.

Great Improvements Could Come From Mandatory Service

mandatary array swear out for exclusively 18-year-old citizens would improve patriotism and discipline within the United States. Furthermore, by mandating array renovation the earth could virtually assure that it would no longer have issues of insufficient troops for dates approximately the world. A mandatory term of troops redevelopment would also help create a sense of guinea pig identity that the United States is lacking. Mandatory military service would also probably contri excepte to the health of the nation. Finally, mandatory military service would delay the entry of young adults into college, perhaps reducing the number of passel who begin college and immediately drop out because they are unclear about their career options.Since the end of the Vietnam conflict, the United States has had mandatory selective service registration for men, besides has never instituted registration for women. One of the keys to effectively implementing this program is to make certain that it is applied fair to middlingly to both sexes.Strangely, this might do more to establish equal rights than the Equal Rights Amendment or pro-womens movement ever did. many another(prenominal) men seem to resent the idea that women want equal rights in the workplace, but are unwill to demand equal responsibility for the nations safety. Many men and women feel that if people are going to claim equality than they should hardiness equal lifestyles, so the most important factor of mandatory military service would be that it be for all citizens.Another vogue to avoid conflict over the mandatory military service idea would be for the service to be mandatory for all citizens. There could not be National confine exemptions or exemptions for education or any other reason. If any hint of favoritism marred the program, it would lose much of its effectiveness. Obviously, not all people would be fit for combat duty, but every(prenominal)one would have to be assigned duties according to their abilities. Less physically able soldiers might be assigned to kitchen duty or translating or stateside duties, but everyone should have to serve. Perhaps, given the sheer numbers of recruits that would suddenly be available, people assigned to combat regions could be given shorter terms of service than those who for health reasons or skill reasons could not serve in a combat zone.Finally, once the particulars of the program were ironed out, mandatory military service for every 18-year-old would improve patriotism and discipline within the United States. Currently, many 18-year-olds do not have the discipline necessary to survive a semester of college without parental supervision. Many take for granted the freedoms that have been fought for and won by veterans of previous wars. By making military service mandatory, citizens would be forced to learn to appreciate the way those freedoms came to be.Generally, people appreciate something more if they have to fight to get it. And , the discipline taught in boot camp would help get many people passed the pseudo-weakness before long inherent in American society. Because of the fear of injury, zero tolerance policies and even anti-bullying propaganda across the country, many American citizens do not have any clew how to be competitive or disciplined. In short, they have allowed to become soft. Putting them all through boot camp would make them stronger individuals and better citizens.One of the drawbacks of the all volunteer military has been the lack of recruits. Several times during the Iraq War the Pentagon has extended the tours of duty of certain soldiers because there were not sufficient replacements available to send in to take their place. With a steady stream of 18-year-olds forced to enter the military, the military could allow all soldiers to serve shorter tours in combat zones and allow the professional military to do their jobs without worrying about the number of soldiers that they have to do t he job.In addition, more people might discover that they like military service as a career option. It would allow high school graduates to put aside money for college with a good-paying job, or begin training for a better career. In some ways, the military could replace vocational schools and persons seeking a career in fields traditionally learned in vocational colleges could get on the job training, saving the country on student loans and creating a new, highly trained workforce.One of the most recent factors facing the United States has been the lack of a national identity. Persons from New York often have little in common with people from southern California and there is little shared national identity. The bother with being a melting pot is that each individual has a person heritage that is not necessarily the same as their neighbors. Mandatory military service might help to alleviate this problem without destroying cultural diversity. People would still have their own state o r cultural identity, but an entire generation of American citizens would share the experience of military service. Strangers would at least have their military service in common, creating a bond amongst all citizens of the country.In addition, mandatory military service would probably improve the overall health of the nation. Instead of a generally obese nation, the youth of the country would at least be required to get in shape long enough to pass canonic training. And, if military service was mandatory and there were no exceptions, one of the drawbacks of not passing basic training the first time around could be an extension of their service. For example, if a young smoker could not give up the addiction long enough to pass the running and stamina requirements of basic training, instead of being sent home as a wash out, he would receive remedial training which did not count towards his service commitment. In fact, the service commitment would not begin until basic training was c ompleted, so a person could spend years getting into shape if necessary, but would know that the cost was the delay in getting on with their lives.Finally, mandatory military service would delay the college entrance age, perhaps leading to students who are more prepared for the college experience before investing the time and money in their education. Generally, it is accepted that non-traditional students are more committed to getting their education than the average 18-year-old. If students were forced to have even a two-year mandatory military service, they would be forced to become adults before going to college. As it is, many students entering college are not ready to be on their own. A variety period between living under their parents roof and sudden and complete freedom might help students be more prepared for the responsibility of college.In addition, many 18-year-olds entering college for the first time have absolutely no clue what they wasnt to do with their lives. Many flounder in their first exertion at college and because they are so unprepared for the new lifestyle. Mandatory military service might help people to reach the proper maturity direct before going on to college to know what they want to do with their lives. It is likely also to help deal with some of the issues facing college campuses across the country, including alcohol use. By requiring mandatory military service, the overall median age of college students would increase and students might be less attracted to the thrill of underage drinking.It seems unlikely that mandatory military service would be adopted in the United States. Politicians would not have the gumption to make the changes necessary to the military to make the program work, nor would they be willing to risk of exposure political suicide by considering such a thing. Opponents of the draft, including conscientious objectors who fled to other countries when the country last had mandatory military service would not b e willing to force people into service. Historians would argue that the country was won by volunteer fighters and that conscription was one of the things Revolutionary War veterans were fighting against. Pacifists would argue that military service somehow contrary to the beliefs of some citizens and the politically correct crowd would try to argue that not everyone should have to serve.Mandatory military service would create the last-place equality that American citizens have been clamoring for and would improve the health of the nation. Boot camp would help fight the nations obesity problems and equal prospect service would help fight the economic disparity growing in the United States. The unifying factors of common service would help establish a national identity and increase the patriotism of the average American. Spoiled brat teenagers would learn to appreciate the things that they have been allowed to take for granted and college campuses would become more civil, adult place s where students could oeuvre and learn instead of simply enjoying drunken parties. Colleges would be filled with students who were ready and eager to learn and military vocational training could lead to an overall advancement in the job skills of the nation.However, the plan generally goes against every belief in freedom the country was founded on and will never happen.

Christian College Thought Paper Essay

Going to tame burn down offer some experiences. We ar taught that we should do well in school so we offer graduate, widen on to college, and from there arouse a job. But what if we went to college where the scholastic dream meant more than just answering your typical classes? What if you non moreover found yourself, hardly you found your spiritual path as well?Looking at colleges and finding the right one that offers what you need to succeed after graduation can be a time-consuming task. There are many colleges now, and they any offer something different. Times have changed so much that we can now attend college online. When reading Arthur F. Holmes book, The idea of a Christian College the four main themes I found were understanding the student life, how liberal arts applies to life, how a Christian college can inspire other impel of your education and the results of education with Christian liberal arts.College Life as a StudentAccording to Arthur F. Holmes book The I dea of a Christian College, many young people attend college or university, and their parents encourage them, without any gripping sense of what college is all about, beyond tentative vocational goals or questionable social aspirations. (Holmes pg 3)Many students are attending college because they have been programmed that way. They show up for class day in and day out, not very accredited of the purpose or meaning behind it all. College students in this economy need to have a college education to get a job. Most students become mislead by outside influences of college life and end up partying away their tuition money. Thesocial scene becomes more important when the focus is lost. There is a chain reactor of stress put on a new college student from the beginning of the registration process all the way to the classroom. So how do you choose the school and stay on track for success?Looking into a Christian college, you might think, Why choose a Christian college over a unsanctifie d college? Its distinctive atmosphere should support an education that cultivates the creative and active integration of faith and learning, of faith and culture. (Holmes pg 6). With the idea of a Christian college, we have God-given, God-preserved, God-restorable differentiate-so, a potential to be developed, disciplined, and invested in response to God.In a Christian college gaining our education, we are more than just becoming the future job we are already forge and placed here for a reason, a reason that God knows and one we journey for self discovery. If we do not work on the entire world while we are expanding our minds and stretching the muscle, then how do we expect to become that psyche that God has placed us here for. We need to not only focus on our education but on the entire being from the spirit within. Why doesnt this all come easily since we are all made in Gods image? Its because we are all human and given free provideing.The foundation of the theological man date for Christian involvement in higher education can be focused on four concepts creation, the human person, truth, and the culture mandate. (Holmes pg 13) Following what Gods will has for us and not to misuse them, value what he has given to us. Truth, if we confess that God is, the all-wise Creator of all, then he has perfect knowledge of everything we ever want to know or do. All truth is Gods truth, wherever it may be found. (Holmes pg 17)Liberal ArtsLiberal art teaches you to think. We are taught many things in our education that may not have anything to do with our career directly. These other classes allow our minds to grow and stretch in all areas of real life. Vocations and jobs are made for people, not people for vocations and jobs. The question to ask about an education is not what can I do with it? butrather what is it doing to me as a person? (Holmes pg 25) When we go off to college, we are going with fresh minds to be taught and molded into our future career. Libera l education is an open invitation to join the human aftermath and become more fully human. (Holmes pg 35)Understanding liberal arts and how the purpose of it will enrich our lives further within our career goals is very helpful in succeeding in the world. The most embracing contact between Christianity and human learning is the all-encompassing world and life view. The contemporary university tends to concentrate on the parts rather than the whole and to come away with a fragmented view of life that lacks overall meaning. (Holmes pg 57)The Result of an Educated PersonWhat would a well-rounded, educated person look like, be like, and know? To train specifically for just one job and not allow yourself the freedom to educate your whole being will only limit you in the future. To cover and explore a range of capacities that help you feel part of a whole human race, develop yourself not just into a farmer or a physician or a businessman, but as a human being. Be reflective and object lesson in everything you do. Become a thoroughly responsible agent that is the mark of an educated person. (Holmes pg 101) Fostering morals and virtues, believing in the quality of life, and applying those in our education, as well and learning from our experiences will enlighten us as humans. Taking the gifts that God has given to us and by his freeing us from the bondage of sin, we move forward with realistic hope. Faith, love, and hope bring to life purposefulness, expectations, and humility. (Holmes pg 102)After reading this book I have found that there is much more to having an education. I have focused my attention on just one thing becoming a nurse. My life experience of working in the hospital is to have core values such as understanding, honesty, faith, and openness. When Arthur Holmes writes Not just verbal skills and powers of communication but grace and eloquence therein as well, the ability to say the right thing in the right way at the right time, it reminds me of my blessings. (Holmes pg 103). Ifwe put god first in our lives everything else will fall into place for us such as, work and school. By going to a Christian college I found I am learning how to educate my spirit.

Midterm essay exam

Q1 Regarding science and theology, what historically has changed? Explain.It is a fact that in history, science and religion ar always having conflict with each other. This should not be the scenario since the history had proved that in the Western culture, there were two books entitled The Book of character and the Book of Scripture that was believed to be bought created by God.The history of science had been associated with numerous religious works. During the Middle Ages, there was a time that the Islamic countries had embraced the science of mathematics, and astronomy that was being turned away by the Christian Europe. The scientific teachings were based from the ancient Greek discoveries. The Islamic people consisting of Muslim scholars had done additional developments in the field of scientific teachings. However, in the thirteenth century the Christian Europe over again had decided to embrace the scientific heritage. They were commonly called the Christian monks and Christ ian theologians.In the entire duration of the late Middle Ages and even in the Renaissance period, al about all the scientist was as well the people who leads the church. As the history continued in the eighteenth century, more and more men of science were also deep believers of different religions. The church had also begun to take theatrical role in influencing the universities and all institutes that set up higher form of teachings. Schools for the trainings to become clergy and other church functionaries were also being established.An essential breakthrough in the seventeenth century which is called the scientific revolution had again involved men from the religious groups who were the great pioneers and founders of the renewed science. Almost all the science founders aimed that they could put harmony in their works in science and their obligations in their religion.Not until the start of the nineteenth century, this was the common thought of the scientist. The start of the n ineteenth century up to these days had marked a notable change in the history of science and religion. The warfare for science and religion had started with the revolutionary book Charles Darwin entitled On the Evolution of Species by Means of Natural Selection. numerous scientists had several views that pertain to the thought that religion is a great threat to science which was carried until these days (Faith and Reasons, 2007).Q2 Discuss the importance of the circle as a symbol for indigenous religions.Circle as a symbol for the indigenous religions refers to the sacred space. The sacred space describes a magical ritual. The magical ritual is a practice that is being utilized in the Ritual Magic and In Wicca. The magical ritual came from the practices of the medieval magic and witchcraft. This symbol was shared by most of the folk magicians in many countries.The temple of initiation which is philippic simply means that it is a representation of the universe is the main point of the Zoroasteric mysteries of Persia. In the circular temple there is a sun located in the east which is also represented as a circle that symbolizes the universe. A celebration in Athens termed as the great mysteries of Eleusis indeed given points that the circle is the symbolism for the universe. According to one of the officers from St. Chrysostom, the circular figure represented the sun.Moreover, in the Egyptian mysteries of Osiris also contains the sun as referred to the representation of the universe. They have this so called Sun-god who appeared into the Earth in the suns settings.The temple of initiation of the Celtic mysteries of Druids is also an oviform or a circle. It is an prolate because the circular temple of initiation represents the routinary egg which symbolizes the earth. Some temples of initiation of the Celtic mysteries is also circular aside from being oval because for them, the circular figure was the symbol of the universe. The temple of initiation sometimes is also built following the cruciform. The reason of the cruciform is that it represents the reference to the four elements. The four elements are commonly termed as the components of the universe.The use of the circle as an important symbol for the indigenous religions had only proven the many uses of the circle in the ancient times. Moreover, the many uses of the circle had also proven its universality as an important symbol in the ancient times (Emick, 2007).Q3 What is the foundational core of Buddhist teachings? Explain.Buddhism is known to be a dharmic religion. It is also regarded as a philosophy. It is commonly known as the Buddha Dharma or the Dhamma. Buddha Dharma signifies the teachings of the awakened one. It was founded by Siddharta Gautama around the fifth century BCE. Siddharta Gautama was referred to as The Buddha.Siddharta Gautama had introduced the Four Noble Truth that was considered to be the fundamental core of the Buddhist teachings. The Four Noble Truth was a way for them to attain the bodhi and the termination of torment and suffering or what is commonly called the Nirvana.The first noble truth of the Buddhist teaching is the Dukkha. Dukkha is called the noble truth of suffering. The noble truth of suffering is a part of all the stages in the life of a person. Since birth until the death of a Buddhist, he experience suffering. Moreover, Buddhism principles are also pithed with suffering. Sufferings in the life of a Buddhist include sufferings during his birth and aging. Having a disease or illness is also part of the Buddhist sufferings.The second noble truth is called the Samudaya which means that the sufferings in the first noble truth are solely caused by desire. The result of the sufferings is simply explained by the Samudaya. Expectations that are linked to the desires of a believer and most particularly the attachment of the believer to the desires are the ones that explain the Samudaya (Boddhi, 2000).Nirodha is the third noble truth. It symbolizes the termination of suffering. As the sufferings had ended and were being forgotten by the Buddhist, these means that the understanding of the reclaim meaning of the Nirodha had been inculcated in him. And in order for the believer to entirely for render and free himself from a suffering, he must be able give up and surrender the pains he had gone through.The forth and the final noble truth is the termination of the desires or what is called as the Magga. In order for the believer to get rid of his desires he must follow the Eightfold Path. The Noble Eightfold Path consists of the right view, right intention, right speech and right action. Right livelihood, effort, mindfulness and concentration are also included in the Noble Eightfold Path (Yamamoto, 2000).Q4 What was the role of the Temple for ancient Judaism?According to the book of Chronicles, the inaugural Temple was built in the 10th century BCE. This was built by King Solomon for seven years to re brows e the Tabernacle of Moses and the Tabernacles of Shiloh, Nov and Givon. These Tabernacles were also once the center point for the Jewish faith. The First Temple had symbolized the center of ancient Judaism. For the entire millennium, the First Temple had continued to be the central point for all the run done by the Jewish. As time had passed, the First Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians in 586. After seventy years, it was again built by Cyrus the capital in 516 BCE. The temple had been the Second Temple.There are many roles of the in the ancient Judaism. During the time when the course of the bible of Hebrews was being carried out, the temple serves to be the come out of the closet for offerings. The offerings include the daily and the morning ones. Offerings done on Shabbat and Jewish holidays which are considered special for the Hebrews were also celebrated in the Temple. During the course of the offerings, there will be a certain time when the Levites recite psalms. Psalm s such as the Psalm of the Day and special psalms for the new month are the ones recited by the Jewish.The temple for the ancient Judaism is meant to be the model and recreation of the Garden of Eve. That is the reason while the courtyards of the Temple contained plenty of trees, flowers and fountains (Stager, 2000).For the Jewish, the temple is viewed as central or the central point wherein rituals are done. It was then considered to be the only place wherein the creation of contact between men, women and the higher spheres were done. It is the place considered to be the eternal dwelling place for the Jewish in order for them to do contact with the powers above them. Moreover, it was also a place which they believed the place where their gods have crossed in order to leap out their celestial environment to be able to descend on earth (Nibley, 1992).ReferencesBhikkhu Bodhi (2000). The Collected Discourses of the Buddha A new translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Somerville Wisdom Pu blications. Retrieved July 27, 2007 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths_ref-1Emick, Jennifer. (2007). Your Guide to Alternative Religion. The immature York Times Company.Retrieved July 27, 2007 from http//altreligion.about.com/library/texts/bl_symbolismfreemasonry17.htmFaith and Reasons. (2007). History of Science and Religion. Retrieved July 27, 2007 fromhttp//www.pbs.org/faithandreason/intro/histo-frame.htmlMackey, Albert. (2007). The Symbolisms of Free Masonry. The New York Times Company. Retrieved July 27, 2007 from http//altreligion.about.com/library/texts/bl_symbolismfreemasonry17.htmNibley, Hugh W. (1992). The meaning and functions of Temples. Encyclopedia of Mormonism,Vol. 4. Macmillan Publishing Company. Retrieved July 26, 2007 from http//www.lightplanet.com/mormons/temples/purpose.htmlStager, Lawrence. (2006). Garden of Eve. scriptural Archaeology Review. Retrieved July 26, 2007from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_JerusalemYamamoto, Kosho. (2000) The Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra in 12 Volumes (Nirvana Publications. Retrieved July 27, 2007 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths_ref-1

Alternative Courses of Action

For SK-II line of skin care products, Procter and Gamble should require stood more firmly. Instead of denying the allegation, they should have explained and stressed more clearly that the vitiated amount of those banned chemicals in the SK-II skin care products are not hazardous to health. They should have sought all the help and legal assistance of the pertain departments needed to prove their case.In that way, they would not need to voluntarily offer refunds to consumers as it has been announced lately by the Chinese authorities that the banned substances did not affectation a health hazard. In this way, though image and trust had been tainted because of negative publicity and perception, there will be no signifi pott impairment financially as they would not need to offer refunds anymore. In addition, the incident of returning counterfeit products and cases of violence would have been avoided as well.The indorsement Procter and Gamble determined to voluntarily offer refunds to consumers, they have acknowledged that they have lapses on their part which created instances for consumers to behave that way. For Gillette products in Russia, Procter and Gamble should have anticipated the fluctuation of Russian ruble. They should have prepared countermeasures when Russian ruble plummet which had happened. They should have expected this kind of problem the moment they have decided to merge with Gillette Company.In this particular instance, I coffin nail say that Procter and Gamble had overlooked planning causing this kind of failure. For disruption of sales in certain countries, Procter and Gamble should have anticipated this as well. The moment they have decided to merge with Gillette Company, they should have expected that this problem will happen. They should have studied the market of these certain countries more intensively so they can plan how to deal with this considerable overlap.

A Feminist Perspective

Ice-Candy-Man A Feminist Perspective * Summary In Ice-Candy-Man the women characters cannot be easily subjugated. Lenny, her Ayah Shanta, her experience and Godmother are capable of new roles and responsibilities. It is the guerrilla novel by a woman writer dealing with the theme of Partition of India. It is likely to be a more neutral on bank note of the traumatic event of Partition which caused divisiveness, disharmony, mutual suspicion, hardening. Writer depicts the events overtaking the Partition in their naked cruelty and ruthlessness.She choose a theme which is different from the handed-down issuesthe issues of romantic involvements and the sentimental stuff. In Pakistan the measure of freedom for women is considerably less than it exists in India. In this novel feminine psyche and experiences are presented with a quaint freshness. Bapsi Sidhwa uses the structural device and turns the female protagonists into the moral centre, while most of the male characters either remai n apathetic or indulge in destructive violence. In patriarchal social set up masculinity means superiority while femininity means inferiority.Masculinity implies strength, action, self-assertion and domination, femininity implies weakness, passivity, docility, obedience and self-negation. Through bank clerk Lenny the Bapsi Sidhwa lends weight and validity to the feminine perspective on the nature of surrounding reality. In a feminist text woman performs and controls and promotes the action by her active agent involvement and concern and in the process it is she who acquires the attributes of heroism and glory. In Ice-Candy-Man, Lennys relationship with her cousin upholds the principle of equality Ayah is a flame of sensuousness and female vitality.Lennys mother and Lennys aunt play the humanitarian and heroic role of fighting for the lives and property of Hindus. These two women undertake the risky job of saving lives in danger. Godmothers smell out of humor, her deer-like agilit y, in spite of her old age, and her power to mould, modify and order not only individuals but even the system, when she so desires, earn her respect and admiration of concourse around her. But besides these qualities she is endowed with profound understanding of human existence and her wisdom is revealed when she consoles the Ayah, in the aftermath of what has been done to her.Godmother concentrates in her character what the feminists witness is very important for a woman to realize her individuality the feeling of self-worth. Khushwant Singhs Train to Pakistan is manifestly a male discourse the focus is on the hero, Juggut Singh though he is portrayed as a devil, the writers sympathy and admiration are obviously for him his jauntiness, his physical stature and for his moral stature. Ice-Candy-Man becomes a feminist text in the true sense of the term, successfully attempting to bring to the centre-stage the female protagonists who come alive on account of their realistic presentat ion.As Literature is a powerful tool with the sponsor of which creative writer modulate and change the society. Sidhwa depict the theme in which he discusses those determined women for whom the traditional role is inadequate, women who wish to affirm their independence and impropriety and are perfectly capable of assuming new roles and responsibilities. Writers always wish to build a world which is free of dominance and hierarchy, a world that rests on the principles of justice and equality and is truly human.

Promotion Case Study Essay

Mary Roberts had been with the company three years when she was promoted to manager of the tax de originatement which was part of the controllers division.Within four months she became a supervisor of ten staff accountants to assemble a va raftcy.Her superior believed her to be most qualified individual to fill the position. Many senior employees resent her that she so young to fill the position and what made them more up passels was the fact tax managers did not talk about the promotion.QUESTION1.What can Mary Roberts do about the resentful senior employees? Mary should tackle this head on she should be direct and assertive about her expectation and when commonwealth are crossing the line that means she need to be clear with people when their behavior doesnt meet her standards and she need to be imparting To specialise and enforce consequence if it doesnt change2. Can higher management do anything to help Roberts make the transitions to greater responsibility? Yes, because the y are the one who limit her in that position of course they will help Mary interms of guiding it .3. Will her lack of technical know takege hinder Marys managerial effectiveness? No , because lacking on some aspects on technical knowledge cant bankrupt or destroy a company as long she have a guts to face and accepts failures4. Should Marys superior have discussed the promotion with the senior employees before announcing it? No ,because its not their pledge to discuss it with the employee interms on promoting someone because higher management chooses who deserve and employees should accept it. 5. Could some of the resentment be based on the fact that Mary Roberts was a young woman? No ,because as long she love the clientele there is no resentment. 6. Should she have turned down the promotion to gain more technical experience? No ,because she is qualifiedfor the position ,not because many higher managers believed in her its because she had s leadership ability and commitment to her cut back7. Can a psyche turn down such promotion without hindering her career in the company?Yes ,as long she is sincere to her decision not,because of the resentment of the senior violence cheek STUDY NO.2Leo Harris one of your fire insurance company he is meticulous and anythingcoming out of his group is perfect.He always over on the job(p),does not doom authorisation and responsibility but rechecks in detail all the attain turned out by his group. He keeps turning back to them careless and inaccurate work until it is perfect.QUESTION1. What are some of the reasons why people do not delegate authority and responsibility?They are afraid that the work that they are working is a failure that they have to recheck and redo it again2. What are Harris responsibilities as a supervisor?As a suoervisor Harris have the twenty-four hours to day responsibilities. He should watch or observe the employee performance to ensure that all activity are completed in accordance with spefication and deadline3. Which can he delegate?Maintain supervisory control. Delegation is not the abandonment of tasks. As a leader, you are still ultimately responsible therefore time should be set aside to observe and meet with the subordinate for follow-through and review of the delegated areas. This follow-through will give you the opportunity to coach the subordinate in his new charge tasks. Time spent with your subordinate will also provide you with the information to decide whether to intervene or to allow him to fail and learn from his mistakes. Be measured not to take a problem out of a subordinates hands and make a decision when he merely wants to discuss it with you. Let him take the wheeldo not make decisions that your subordinate could otherwise make for himself.4. How should he go about delegating them?Select the task to be delegated and liken it to the proper personDelegation is not the assignment of routine tasks to anyone who happens to be available. There is a need to a ssess strengths, weaknesses and previous experience of all available staff office and thus match them with tasks that will utilize their strengths and experience.5. What are some of the leadership characteristics that Harris lacks?When theres a failure to communicate When leaders are constantly flummoxed by those who dont seem to get it, there exists both a leadership and communications problem. Showme a leader with poor communication skills and Ill show you someone who will be short-lived in their position. Great leaders can communicate effectively across mediums, constituencies, and environments. They are active listeners, nomadic thinkers, and know when to dial it up, down, or off. Its all about them If a leader doesnt understand the concept of service above self they will not engender the trust, confidence, and loyalty of those they lead. Any leader is only as computable as his or her teams desire to be led by them. An over abundance of ego, pride, and arrogance are not posi tive leadership traits. Real leaders take the blame and give the credit not the other way around. Long story short if a leader receives a vote of non-confidence from their subordinates6. How can you go about developing them in him?Is to go out with your comfort zone try to communicate.CASE STUDY NO.3The general manager has hired the services of a personnel administrator but has advisedly not defined the newcomers role in the organization .As a line supervisor, have become involved in several arguments with this personnel administrator. You have mentioned this usurping of authority to your boss, the general manager, and have asked him to define the personnel job. The boss has answered that he is allowingQUESTION1. Discuss the above situation from a line power point of viewSpecific job description should e disclosed to the line supervisor, Important since an administrator is hired there should already be a work that needs to be filled by the one hired. Even if the person is asked t o find its own niche we still need to determine the role he applied and just modify it ,If additional work needs to be move.2. Discuss the situation from a personnel administrators point of view. keep mum trying to identify what were the jobs that needs to be fulfilled by the administrator and his discovering what his boundaries are.3. Develop a practical working relationship based on the principles of good organization. Know your position and modify what is still needs to be done based on the description trying to step out of the usual job description may have an impact on the role that needs to be performed by the rest of the team which is disorganization 4. It is desirable to allowthe personnel administrator to find his own niche in the organization? Yes , as long as he knows what his original role and just modify if the blood needs

Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

Adanna Nwadike Sociology 101-052 Professor. Wyzykowski 2/21/12 Sociology in Our Times Chapter 4 Outline Social Structure and Interaction in normal Life I. Components of Social Structure A. spatial relation 1. Status is a cordially defined position in a mathematical group or alliance characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties. 2. Status set compromises all the stat phthisiss that a someone occupies at a disposed time. 3. Ascribed consideration is a sociable position conferred at sustain or received involuntarily later(prenominal) in life, based on attributes over which the individual has microscopical or no control, such as race, ethnicity, age, and gender. . Achieved status is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a solving of personal choice, merit, or direct effort. 5. Master status is the most(prenominal) important status a person occupies. 6. Status symbols material signs that inform others of a persons specific status. B. portion 1. pi ece is a set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status 2. Role expectation is a groups or orderlinesss definition of the way a specific role ought to be played. 3. Role commitance is how a person actually plays the role. 4.Role conflict occurs when mismatched role demands are placed on a person by two or more than statuses held at the same time. 5. Role vilification occurs when incompatible demands are built into a single status that a person occupies. 6. Role event occurs when heap dis betroth from social roles that have been central to their self-identity. C. radical 1. Social Group consists of two or more people who interact frequently and share a common identity and a odour of interdependence. 2. Primary group is a small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. . Secondary group is a larger, more specialized group in which members engage in more impersonal, goal-oriented relationships for a limited period of time. 4. form-only(prenominal) organization is a highly organize group formed for the purpose of completing certain tasks or achieving specific goals. D. Social Institutions 1. Social cosmos is a set of organized beliefs and rules that establishes how a society result attempt to meet its basic social needs. II. Societies Changes in Social Structure A. Durkheim Mechanical and Organic Solidarity . atom of labor refers to how the various tasks of a society are divided up and performed. 2. Mechanical solidarity refers to the social viscidity of preindustrial societies, in which there is minimal member of a labor and people feel united by shared values and common social bonds. 3. Organic solidarity refers to the social cohesion found in industrial (and perhaps postindustrial) societies, in which people perform very specialized tasks and feel united by their correlative dependence. B. Tonnies Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft 1.Gemeinschaft is a t raditional society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of fellowship and kinship and on intergenerational stability. 2. Gesellschaft is a large, urban society in which social bonds are based on impersonal and specialized relationships, with little long-term commitment to the group or consensus on values. C. Industrial and industrial Societies 1. Industrial societies are based on applied science that mechanizes production. 2. Postindustrial society is one in which technology supports a service-and information-based economy.III. Social Interaction The Microlevel berth A. The Social Construction of Reality 1. Social Construction of Reality- the change by which our perception of reality is largely shaped by the subjective meaning that we give to an experience. 2. Self-fulfilling prophecy- a false belief or omen that produces behavior that makes the originally false belief come true. B. Ethnomethodology 1. Ethnomethodology is the withdraw of the commonsense knowledge that people use to understand the situations in which they find themselves. C. Dramaturgical Analysis 1.Dramaturgical abbreviation is the study of social interaction that compares day-by-day life to a theatrical presentation. 2. Impression management (presentation of self) refers to peoples efforts to present themselves to others in ways that are most favorable to their own interests or image. 3. face saving behavior refers to the strategies we use to rescue our work when we experience a potential or actual personnel casualty of face. D. Nonverbal chat 1. Nonverbal Communication is the transfer of information between persons without the use of words. 2. Personal lieu is the immediate area surrounding a person that person claims is private.Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday LifeAdanna Nwadike Sociology 101-052 Professor. Wyzykowski 2/21/12 Sociology in Our Times Chapter 4 Outline Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life I. Components of Social Str ucture A. Status 1. Status is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties. 2. Status set compromises all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time. 3. Ascribed status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race, ethnicity, age, and gender. . Achieved status is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice, merit, or direct effort. 5. Master status is the most important status a person occupies. 6. Status symbols material signs that inform others of a persons specific status. B. Role 1. Role is a set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status 2. Role expectation is a groups or societys definition of the way a specific role ought to be played. 3. Role performance is how a person actually plays the role. 4.Role conflict occurs when incompatible ro le demands are placed on a person by two or more statuses held at the same time. 5. Role stain occurs when incompatible demands are built into a single status that a person occupies. 6. Role exit occurs when people disengage from social roles that have been central to their self-identity. C. Group 1. Social Group consists of two or more people who interact frequently and share a common identity and a feeling of interdependence. 2. Primary group is a small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. . Secondary group is a larger, more specialized group in which members engage in more impersonal, goal-oriented relationships for a limited period of time. 4. Formal organization is a highly structured group formed for the purpose of completing certain tasks or achieving specific goals. D. Social Institutions 1. Social institution is a set of organized beliefs and rules that establishes how a society will att empt to meet its basic social needs. II. Societies Changes in Social Structure A. Durkheim Mechanical and Organic Solidarity . Division of labor refers to how the various tasks of a society are divided up and performed. 2. Mechanical solidarity refers to the social cohesion of preindustrial societies, in which there is minimal division of a labor and people feel united by shared values and common social bonds. 3. Organic solidarity refers to the social cohesion found in industrial (and perhaps postindustrial) societies, in which people perform very specialized tasks and feel united by their mutual dependence. B. Tonnies Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft 1.Gemeinschaft is a traditional society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of friendship and kinship and on intergenerational stability. 2. Gesellschaft is a large, urban society in which social bonds are based on impersonal and specialized relationships, with little long-term commitment to the group or consensus o n values. C. Industrial and Postindustrial Societies 1. Industrial societies are based on technology that mechanizes production. 2. Postindustrial society is one in which technology supports a service-and information-based economy.III. Social Interaction The Microlevel Perspective A. The Social Construction of Reality 1. Social Construction of Reality- the process by which our perception of reality is largely shaped by the subjective meaning that we give to an experience. 2. Self-fulfilling prophecy- a false belief or prediction that produces behavior that makes the originally false belief come true. B. Ethnomethodology 1. Ethnomethodology is the study of the commonsense knowledge that people use to understand the situations in which they find themselves. C. Dramaturgical Analysis 1.Dramaturgical analysis is the study of social interaction that compares everyday life to a theatrical presentation. 2. Impression management (presentation of self) refers to peoples efforts to present th emselves to others in ways that are most favorable to their own interests or image. 3. Face-saving behavior refers to the strategies we use to rescue our performance when we experience a potential or actual loss of face. D. Nonverbal Communication 1. Nonverbal Communication is the transfer of information between persons without the use of words. 2. Personal space is the immediate area surrounding a person that person claims is private.